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SpringMVC之手写MVC框架

2020-12-30 23:30:06  阅读:161  来源: 互联网

标签:String SpringMVC class MVC mrd import 手写 com public


SpringMVC之手写MVC框架

学习资料:拉勾课程《Java高薪训练营》

  1. SpringMVC执行大致原理

在这里插入图片描述

  1. 引入依赖
<properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <!--部署到服务器后不再使用该servlet,而使用tomcat的servlet-->
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>3.9</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
    <plugins>
        <!--编译插件定义编译细节-->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
            <configuration>
                <source>11</source>
                <target>11</target>
                <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                <!--告诉编译器,编译的时候记录下形参的真实名称-->
                <compilerArgs>
                    <arg>-parameters</arg>
                </compilerArgs>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
            <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
            <configuration>
                <port>8080</port>
                <path>/</path>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>
  1. ⼿写MVC框架之注解开发
  • MrdController

    package com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations;
    
    import java.lang.annotation.*;
    
    @Documented
    @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    public @interface MrdController {
        String value() default "";
    }
    
  • MrdService

    package com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations;
    
    import java.lang.annotation.*;
    
    @Documented
    @Target(ElementType.TYPE)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    public @interface MrdService {
        String value() default "";
    }
    
  • MrdAutowired

    package com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations;
    
    import java.lang.annotation.*;
    
    @Documented
    @Target(ElementType.FIELD)
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    public @interface MrdAutowired {
        String value() default "";
    }
    
  • MrdRequestMapping

    package com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations;
    
    import java.lang.annotation.*;
    
    @Documented
    @Target({ElementType.TYPE,ElementType.METHOD})
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
    public @interface MrdRequestMapping {
        String value() default "";
    }
    
  1. ⼿写MVC框架之 DemoController
    package com.mrd.demo.controller;
    
    import com.mrd.demo.service.IDemoService;
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations.MrdAutowired;
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations.MrdController;
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations.MrdRequestMapping;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    @MrdController
    @MrdRequestMapping("/demo")
    public class DemoController {
    
        @MrdAutowired
        private IDemoService demoService;
    
        /**
         * URL: /demo/query?name=lisi
         *
         * @param request
         * @param response
         * @param name
         * @return
         */
        @MrdRequestMapping("/query")
        public String query(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String name) {
            return demoService.get(name);
        }
    }
    
  2. ⼿写MVC框架之 IDemoService
    package com.mrd.demo.service;
    
    public interface IDemoService {
        String get(String name);
    }
    
  3. ⼿写MVC框架之 DemoServiceImpl
    package com.mrd.demo.service.impl;
    
    import com.mrd.demo.service.IDemoService;
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations.MrdService;
    
    @MrdService("demoService")
    public class DemoServiceImpl implements IDemoService {
        @Override
        public String get(String name) {
            System.out.println("service 实现类中的name参数:" + name);
            return name;
        }
    }
    
  4. ⼿写MVC框架之 扫描包配置 springmvc.properties
    scanPackage=com.mrd.demo
    
  5. ⼿写MVC框架之 Handler
    package com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.pojo;
    
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import java.util.HashMap;
    import java.util.Map;
    import java.util.regex.Pattern;
    
    
    /**
     * 封装handler方法相关的信息
     */
    public class Handler {
    
        private Object controller; // method.invoke(obj,)
    
        private Method method;
    
        private Pattern pattern; // spring中url是支持正则的
    
        private Map<String, Integer> paramIndexMapping; // 参数顺序,是为了进行参数绑定,key是参数名,value代表是第几个参数 <name,2>
        
        public Handler(Object controller, Method method, Pattern pattern) {
            this.controller = controller;
            this.method = method;
            this.pattern = pattern;
            this.paramIndexMapping = new HashMap<>();
        }
    
        public Object getController() {
            return controller;
        }
    
        public void setController(Object controller) {
            this.controller = controller;
        }
    
        public Method getMethod() {
            return method;
        }
    
        public void setMethod(Method method) {
            this.method = method;
        }
    
        public Pattern getPattern() {
            return pattern;
        }
    
        public void setPattern(Pattern pattern) {
            this.pattern = pattern;
        }
    
        public Map<String, Integer> getParamIndexMapping() {
            return paramIndexMapping;
        }
    
        public void setParamIndexMapping(Map<String, Integer> paramIndexMapping) {
            this.paramIndexMapping = paramIndexMapping;
        }
    }
    
  6. ⼿写MVC框架之 前端控制器 MrdDispatcherServlet
    package com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.servlet;
    
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations.MrdAutowired;
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations.MrdController;
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations.MrdRequestMapping;
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.annotations.MrdService;
    import com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.pojo.Handler;
    import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
    
    import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
    import javax.servlet.ServletException;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    import java.io.File;
    import java.io.IOException;
    import java.io.InputStream;
    import java.lang.reflect.Field;
    import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
    import java.lang.reflect.Method;
    import java.lang.reflect.Parameter;
    import java.util.*;
    import java.util.regex.Matcher;
    import java.util.regex.Pattern;
    
    public class MrdDispatcherServlet extends HttpServlet {
    
        private Properties properties = new Properties();
        // 缓存扫描到的类的全限定类名
        private List<String> classNames = new ArrayList<>();
        // ioc容器
        private Map<String, Object> ioc = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        // handlerMapping
        //private Map<String,Method> handlerMapping = now HashMap<>(); // 存储url和Method之间的映射关系
        private List<Handler> handlerMapping = new ArrayList<>();
    
        @Override
        public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
            // 1 加载配置文件 springmvc.properties
            String contextConfigLocation = config.getInitParameter("contextConfigLocation");
            doLoadConfig(contextConfigLocation);
            // 2 扫描相关的类,扫描注解
            doScan(properties.getProperty("scanPackage"));
            // 3 初始化bean对象(实现ioc容器,基于注解)
            doInstance();
            // 4 实现依赖注入
            doAutoWired();
            // 5 构造一个HandlerMapping处理器映射器,将配置好的url和Method建立映射关系
            initHandlerMapping();
            System.out.println("Mrd mvc 初始化完成....");
            // 6.等待请求进入,处理请求
        }
    
        /*
            构造一个HandlerMapping处理器映射器
            最关键的环节
            目的:将url和method建立关联
         */
        private void initHandlerMapping() {
            if (ioc.isEmpty()) {
                return;
            }
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : ioc.entrySet()) {
                // 获取ioc中当前遍历的对象的class类型
                Class<?> aClass = entry.getValue().getClass();
                //如果未包含@MrdController,则continue
                if (!aClass.isAnnotationPresent(MrdController.class)) {
                    continue;
                }
    
                String baseUrl = "";
                if (aClass.isAnnotationPresent(MrdRequestMapping.class)) {
                    MrdRequestMapping annotation = aClass.getAnnotation(MrdRequestMapping.class);
                    baseUrl = annotation.value(); // 等同于/demo
                }
                // 获取方法
                Method[] methods = aClass.getMethods();
                for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
                    Method method = methods[i];
                    //  方法没有标识MrdRequestMapping,就不处理
                    if (!method.isAnnotationPresent(MrdRequestMapping.class)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    // 如果标识,就处理
                    MrdRequestMapping annotation = method.getAnnotation(MrdRequestMapping.class);
                    String methodUrl = annotation.value();  // 等同于/query
                    String url = baseUrl + methodUrl;    // 计算出来的url /demo/query
                    // 把method所有信息及url封装为一个Handler
                    Handler handler = new Handler(entry.getValue(), method, Pattern.compile(url));
                    // 计算方法的参数位置信息  // query(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,String name)
                    //拿到参数信息
                    Parameter[] parameters = method.getParameters();
                    for (int j = 0; j < parameters.length; j++) {
                        Parameter parameter = parameters[j];
                        if (parameter.getType() == HttpServletRequest.class || parameter.getType() == HttpServletResponse.class) {
                            // 如果是request和response对象,那么参数名称写HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse
                            handler.getParamIndexMapping().put(parameter.getType().getSimpleName(), j);
                        } else {
                            handler.getParamIndexMapping().put(parameter.getName(), j);  // <name,2>
                        }
                    }
                    // 建立url和method之间的映射关系(map缓存起来)
                    handlerMapping.add(handler);
                }
            }
        }
    
        //  实现依赖注入
        private void doAutoWired() {
            if (ioc.isEmpty()) {
                return;
            }
            // 有对象,再进行依赖注入处理
            // 遍历ioc中所有对象,查看对象中的字段,是否有@MrdAutowired注解,如果有需要维护依赖注入关系
            for (Map.Entry<String, Object> entry : ioc.entrySet()) {
                // 获取bean对象中的字段信息
                Field[] declaredFields = entry.getValue().getClass().getDeclaredFields();
                // 遍历判断处理
                for (int i = 0; i < declaredFields.length; i++) {
                    Field declaredField = declaredFields[i];   //  @MrdAutowired  private IDemoService demoService;
                    if (!declaredField.isAnnotationPresent(MrdAutowired.class)) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    // 有该注解
                    MrdAutowired annotation = declaredField.getAnnotation(MrdAutowired.class);
                    String beanName = annotation.value();  // 需要注入的bean的id
                    if ("".equals(beanName.trim())) {
                        // 没有配置具体的bean id,那就需要根据当前字段类型注入(接口注入)  IDemoService
                        beanName = declaredField.getType().getName();
                    }
                    // 开启赋值
                    declaredField.setAccessible(true);
                    try {
                        declaredField.set(entry.getValue(), ioc.get(beanName));
                    } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    
    
        // ioc容器
        // 基于classNames缓存的类的全限定类名,以及反射技术,完成对象创建和管理
        private void doInstance() {
            if (classNames.size() == 0) return;
            try {
                for (int i = 0; i < classNames.size(); i++) {
                    String className = classNames.get(i);  // com.mrd.demo.controller.DemoController
                    // 反射
                    Class<?> aClass = Class.forName(className);
                    // 区分controller,区分service
                    if (aClass.isAnnotationPresent(MrdController.class)) {
                        // controller的id此处不做过多处理,不取value了,就拿类的首字母小写作为id,保存到ioc中
                        String simpleName = aClass.getSimpleName();// DemoController
                        //key:首字母小写转换
                        String lowerFirstSimpleName = lowerFirst(simpleName); // demoController
                        //value:实例化
                        Object o = aClass.newInstance();
                        //保存到IOC容器中
                        ioc.put(lowerFirstSimpleName, o);
                    } else if (aClass.isAnnotationPresent(MrdService.class)) {
                        MrdService annotation = aClass.getAnnotation(MrdService.class);
                        //获取注解value值
                        String beanName = annotation.value();
                        // 如果指定了id,就以指定的为准
                        if (!"".equals(beanName.trim())) {
                            ioc.put(beanName, aClass.newInstance());
                        } else {
                            // 如果没有指定,就以类名首字母小写
                            beanName = lowerFirst(aClass.getSimpleName());
                            ioc.put(beanName, aClass.newInstance());
                        }
                        // service层往往是有接口的,面向接口开发,此时再以接口名为id,放入一份对象到ioc中,便于后期根据接口类型注入
                        Class<?>[] interfaces = aClass.getInterfaces();
                        for (int j = 0; j < interfaces.length; j++) {
                            Class<?> anInterface = interfaces[j];
                            // 以接口的全限定类名作为id放入
                            ioc.put(anInterface.getName(), aClass.newInstance());
                        }
                    } else {
                        continue;
                    }
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        // 首字母小写方法
        public String lowerFirst(String str) {
            char[] chars = str.toCharArray();
            if ('A' <= chars[0] && chars[0] <= 'Z') {
                chars[0] += 32;
            }
            return String.valueOf(chars);
        }
    
        // 扫描类
        // scanPackage: com.mrd.demo  package---->  磁盘上的文件夹(File)  com/mrd/demo
        private void doScan(String scanPackage) {
            //磁盘上的路径
            String scanPackagePath = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("").getPath() + scanPackage.replaceAll("\\.", "/");
            File pack = new File(scanPackagePath);
            File[] files = pack.listFiles();
            for (File file : files) {
                if (file.isDirectory()) { // 子package
                    // 递归
                    doScan(scanPackage + "." + file.getName());  // com.mrd.demo.controller
                } else if (file.getName().endsWith(".class")) {
                    String className = scanPackage + "." + file.getName().replaceAll(".class", "");
                    classNames.add(className);
                }
            }
        }
    
        // 加载配置文件
        private void doLoadConfig(String contextConfigLocation) {
            //读取配置文件,得到输入流
            InputStream resourceAsStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(contextConfigLocation);
            try {
                properties.load(resourceAsStream);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
    
        @Override
        protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
            doPost(req, resp);
        }
    
    
        @Override
        protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
            // 处理请求:根据url,找到对应的Method方法,进行调用
            // 获取uri
            // String requestURI = req.getRequestURI();
            // Method method = handlerMapping.get(requestURI);// 获取到一个反射的方法
            // 反射调用,需要传入对象,需要传入参数,此处无法完成调用,没有把对象缓存起来,也没有参数!!!!改造initHandlerMapping();
            // method.invoke() //
    
            // 根据uri获取到能够处理当前请求的hanlder(从handlermapping中(list))
            Handler handler = getHandler(req);
            if (handler == null) {
                resp.getWriter().write("404 not found");
                return;
            }
            // 参数绑定
            // 获取所有参数类型数组,这个数组的长度就是我们最后要传入的args数组的长度
            Class<?>[] parameterTypes = handler.getMethod().getParameterTypes();
            // 根据上述数组长度创建一个新的数组(参数数组,是要传入反射调用的)
            Object[] paraValues = new Object[parameterTypes.length];
            // 以下就是为了向参数数组中塞值,而且还得保证参数的顺序和方法中形参顺序一致
            Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = req.getParameterMap();
            // 遍历request中所有参数  (填充除了request,response之外的参数)
            for (Map.Entry<String, String[]> param : parameterMap.entrySet()) {
                // name=1&name=2   name [1,2]
                String value = StringUtils.join(param.getValue(), ",");  // 如同 1,2
                // 如果参数和方法中的参数匹配上了,填充数据
                if (!handler.getParamIndexMapping().containsKey(param.getKey())) {
                    continue;
                }
                // 方法形参确实有该参数,找到它的索引位置,对应的把参数值放入paraValues
                Integer index = handler.getParamIndexMapping().get(param.getKey());//name在第 2 个位置
                paraValues[index] = value;  // 把前台传递过来的参数值填充到对应的位置去
            }
            int requestIndex = handler.getParamIndexMapping().get(HttpServletRequest.class.getSimpleName()); // 0
            paraValues[requestIndex] = req;
            int responseIndex = handler.getParamIndexMapping().get(HttpServletResponse.class.getSimpleName()); // 1
            paraValues[responseIndex] = resp;
            // 最终调用handler的method属性
            try {
                handler.getMethod().invoke(handler.getController(), paraValues);
            } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    
        private Handler getHandler(HttpServletRequest req) {
            if (handlerMapping.isEmpty()) {
                return null;
            }
            String url = req.getRequestURI();
            for (Handler handler : handlerMapping) {
                Matcher matcher = handler.getPattern().matcher(url);
                if (!matcher.matches()) {
                    continue;
                }
                return handler;
            }
            return null;
        }
    }
    
  7. ⼿写MVC框架之 web.xml配置
    <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
     "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
     "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" >
    
    <web-app>
      <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    
    
      <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mrdmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.mrd.edu.mvcframework.servlet.MrdDispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
          <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
          <param-value>springmvc.properties</param-value>
        </init-param>
      </servlet>
      
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mrdmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
    </web-app>
    
  8. ⼿写MVC框架之 最终测试

在这里插入图片描述

标签:String,SpringMVC,class,MVC,mrd,import,手写,com,public
来源: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_36260286/article/details/112000013

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