标签:
PEM(Privacy Enhanced Mail)是一种文件格式,最初设计用于电子邮件的加密和安全传输。尽管它的名称中包含了“邮件”,但 PEM 格式现在广泛用于存储各种类型的加密数据,特别是与 SSL/TLS 证书和密钥相关的数据。
主要特点
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Base64 编码:PEM 文件中的数据是经过 Base64 编码的二进制数据。Base64 编码将二进制数据转换为 ASCII 字符,使其适合在文本文件中存储和传输。
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边界标记:PEM 文件通常包含边界标记,这些标记定义了文件内容的类型。常见的边界标记包括:
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
和-----END CERTIFICATE-----
:用于 X.509 证书。-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
和-----END PRIVATE KEY-----
:用于私钥。-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
和-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
:用于公钥。-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
和-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
:用于 RSA 私钥。
示例
以下是一些 PEM 文件的示例:
X.509 证书
-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIDXTCCAkWgAwIBAgIJAL5oQZsH7cPdMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBCwUAMEUxCzAJBgNV
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