标签:框架 fixture assert pytest 测试 test login def
接上一篇,本章讲pytest的fixture
很多测试框架里的setup、teardown可以实现在执行用例前或结束后加入一些操作,但这种都是针对整个脚本全局生效的。
如果有以下场景:用例 1 需要先登录,用例 2 不需要登录,用例 3 需要先登录。很显然无法用 setup 和 teardown 来实现。fixture可以让我们自定义测试用例的前置条件以及结束后的后置处理动作,并且可以跨文件使用。
另外conftest.py 配置里可以实现数据共享,不需要 import 就能自动找到fixture,还可以自定义fixture的作用域
语法如下:
fixture(callable_or_scope=None, *args, scope="function", params=None, autouse=False, ids=None, name=None)
- scope:fixture的作用域,默认为function,优先级从高到低,session-->module–->class–->function 。
- autouse:默认:False,需要用例手动调用该fixture;如果是True,所有作用域内的测试用例都会自动调用该fixture;
- name:装饰器的名称,同一模块的fixture相互调用建议写不同的name。
如下是无参使用例子
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*-coding:utf-8 -*-
import pytest
from get_data import get_data
def add_demo(a, b):
return a+b
@pytest.fixture()
def login():
print('execute before')
@pytest.mark.smoke
class TestDemo:
@pytest.mark.parametrize("a,b,expected", get_data(),
ids=["level1", "level2", "level3"])
def test_one(self, a, b, expected):
assert add_demo(a, b) == expected
def test_two(self, login):
assert 2 != 3
@pytest.mark.usefixtures("login")
def test_three(self):
assert 4 != 3
if __name__ == "__main__":
pytest.main(['test_demo.py', '-v', '-s', '-m', 'smoke'])
上述代码中我们通过2种方式来演示fixture的使用,看个人喜好灵活运用。
出于可维护性方面考虑,我们把fixture放在conftest.py文件里进行维护,文件名称是固定的,这样不用引入就可以使用,然后使用范围根据conftest.py的存放位置以及fixture的作用域来确定,改造的conftest.py代码如下:
import pytest @pytest.fixture() def login_se(): print('just another login')
然后原代码改造如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*-coding:utf-8 -*- import pytest from get_data import get_data def add_demo(a, b): return a+b @pytest.fixture() def login(): print('execute before') @pytest.mark.smoke class TestDemo: @pytest.mark.parametrize("a,b,expected", get_data(), ids=["level1", "level2", "level3"]) def test_one(self, a, b, expected): assert add_demo(a, b) == expected def test_two(self, login): assert 2 != 3 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login") def test_three(self): assert 4 != 3 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login_se") def test_four(self): assert 6 != 9 def test_five(self, login_se): assert 9 != 0 if __name__ == "__main__": pytest.main(['test_demo.py', '-v', '-s', '-m', 'smoke'])
然后我们有时候需要在fixture里传入参数,现在演示这种情况,conftest.py代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*-coding:utf-8 -*- import pytest @pytest.fixture() def login_se(): print('just another login') @pytest.fixture(scope='module') def login_with_param(request): return request.param
改造后的test_demo.py代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*-coding:utf-8 -*- import pytest from get_data import get_data def add_demo(a, b): return a+b @pytest.fixture() def login(): print('execute before') @pytest.mark.smoke class TestDemo: @pytest.mark.parametrize("a,b,expected", get_data(), ids=["level1", "level2", "level3"]) def test_add_demo(self, a, b, expected): assert add_demo(a, b) == expected def test_two(self, login): assert 2 != 3 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login") def test_three(self): assert 4 != 3 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login_se") def test_four(self): assert 6 != 9 def test_five(self, login_se): assert 9 != 0 @pytest.mark.parametrize("login_with_param", [{"user": "lucy", "password": "123456"}], ids=["level1"], indirect=True) def test_add_demo(self, login_with_param): username = login_with_param['user'] password = login_with_param['password'] assert username == 'lucy' assert password == '123456' if __name__ == "__main__": pytest.main(['test_demo.py', '-v', '-s', '-m', 'smoke'])
到这里后,我们就已经实现了fixture有参的方式,但是目前为止还没有实现teardown的功能,可以用yield来实现,conftest.py代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*-coding:utf-8 -*- import pytest @pytest.fixture() def login_se(): print('just another login') @pytest.fixture(scope='module') def login_with_param(request): return request.param @pytest.fixture(scope='module') def login_with_params(request): print('开始前运行') yield request.param print('结束后运行')
改造后的test_demo.py的test_seven 代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*-coding:utf-8 -*- import pytest from get_data import get_data def add_demo(a, b): return a+b @pytest.fixture() def login(): print('execute before') @pytest.mark.smoke class TestDemo: @pytest.mark.parametrize("a,b,expected", get_data(), ids=["level1", "level2", "level3"]) def test_add_demo(self, a, b, expected): assert add_demo(a, b) == expected def test_two(self, login): assert 2 != 3 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login") def test_three(self): assert 4 != 3 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login_se") def test_four(self): assert 6 != 9 def test_five(self, login_se): assert 9 != 0 @pytest.mark.parametrize("login_with_param", [{"user": "lucy", "password": "123456"}], ids=["level1"], indirect=True) def test_six(self, login_with_param): username = login_with_param['user'] password = login_with_param['password'] assert username == 'lucy' assert password == '123456' @pytest.mark.parametrize("login_with_params", [{"user": "lucy", "password": "123456"}], ids=["level1"], indirect=True) def test_seven(self, login_with_params): username = login_with_params['user'] password = login_with_params['password'] assert username == 'lucy' assert password == '123456' if __name__ == "__main__": pytest.main(['test_demo.py', '-v', '-s', '-m', 'smoke'])
上述方式是将fixture和parametrize结合起来使用,这样子会看起来比较不友好,所以把参数给到conftest.py里,改造如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*-coding:utf-8 -*- import pytest @pytest.fixture() def login_se(): print('just another login') @pytest.fixture(scope='module') def login_with_param(request): return request.param @pytest.fixture(scope='module') def login_with_params(request): print('开始前运行') yield request.param print('结束后运行') @pytest.fixture(params=[{'user': 'lucy', 'password': '123456'}]) def login_and_logout(request): print('开始前运行的前置处理代码') yield request.param print('结束后运行的收尾处理代码')
然后测试类的test_eight改造如下:
#!/usr/bin/env python # -*-coding:utf-8 -*- import pytest from get_data import get_data def add_demo(a, b): return a+b @pytest.fixture() def login(): print('execute before') @pytest.mark.smoke class TestDemo: @pytest.mark.parametrize("a,b,expected", get_data(), ids=["level1", "level2", "level3"]) def test_add_demo(self, a, b, expected): assert add_demo(a, b) == expected def test_two(self, login): assert 2 != 3 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login") def test_three(self): assert 4 != 3 @pytest.mark.usefixtures("login_se") def test_four(self): assert 6 != 9 def test_five(self, login_se): assert 9 != 0 @pytest.mark.parametrize("login_with_param", [{"user": "lucy", "password": "123456"}], ids=["level1"], indirect=True) def test_six(self, login_with_param): username = login_with_param['user'] password = login_with_param['password'] assert username == 'lucy' assert password == '123456' @pytest.mark.parametrize("login_with_params", [{"user": "lucy", "password": "123456"}], ids=["level1"], indirect=True) def test_seven(self, login_with_params): username = login_with_params['user'] password = login_with_params['password'] assert username == 'lucy' assert password == '123456' def test_eight(self, login_and_logout): username = login_and_logout['user'] password = login_and_logout['password'] assert username == 'lucy' assert password == '123456' if __name__ == "__main__": pytest.main(['test_demo.py', '-v', '-s', '-m', 'smoke'])
至此,fixture就讲解完毕,上述代码比较简陋,还应该做较好的封装,提高代码的可读性
标签:框架,fixture,assert,pytest,测试,test,login,def 来源: https://www.cnblogs.com/doumayi/p/16194767.html
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