标签：gridbaglayout java user-interface layout swing
我使用GridBagLayout和GridBagConstraints设计了一个GUI.它包含可变数量的行,每行包含一些可能的列布局.为了测试代码,我构建了具有不同颜色的面板GUI,用于说明每行和每列中所有单元格的位置和大小调整行为.这个测试GUI工作正常,但现在我需要自动化它的构造.具体来说,我需要将行作为三种不同类型之一.如果您运行下面的代码并查看生成的GUI,您可以看到row1是一种类型,行2,6和7是另一种类型,而行3,4和5是第三种类型.我需要将这三种类型的行中的每一行封装在自己的类中.更重要的是,我需要我的代码能够创建第三种类型的可变数量的行(在示例中由行3,4和5说明). (这是用于数据分析软件.面板将加载数据视图和工具来操纵数据视图.)
当我尝试将行封装到自己的类中时,GUI看起来应该看起来不应该看起来.下面的测试代码以它应该看起来的方式生成GUI布局.任何人都可以告诉我如何更改此代码,以便它具有上面第一段中描述的功能？
您可以将我的测试代码粘贴到您的IDE中,以使其立即运行.测试代码分为两个单独的文件,如下所示：
GridBagLayoutDemo.java的代码是：
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
public class GridBagLayoutDemo {
final static boolean RIGHT_TO_LEFT = false;
public static void addComponentsToPane(Container pane) {
if (RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {pane.setComponentOrientation(ComponentOrientation.RIGHT_TO_LEFT);}
pane.setLayout(new GridBagLayout());
// top row (fill, gridx, gridy, gridwidth 1, weightx 0, weighty 0, ipady 0)
TestPanel panelr1c1 = new TestPanel(Color.black);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r1c1 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,0,0,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr1c1,constraint_r1c1);
TestPanel panelr1c2 = new TestPanel(Color.blue);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r1c2 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL,1,0,1,0.8,0,0);
pane.add(panelr1c2,constraint_r1c2);
TestPanel panelr1c2a = new TestPanel(Color.green);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r1c2a = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL,2,0,1,0.8,0,0);
pane.add(panelr1c2a,constraint_r1c2a);
TestPanel panelr1c3 = new TestPanel(Color.red);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r1c3 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,3,0,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr1c3,constraint_r1c3);
TestPanel panelr1c4 = new TestPanel(Color.blue);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r1c4 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,4,0,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr1c4,constraint_r1c4);
// second row (fill, gridx, gridy, gridwidth 1, weightx 0, weighty 0, ipady 0)
TestPanel panelr2c1 = new TestPanel(Color.magenta);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r2c1 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,0,1,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr2c1,constraint_r2c1);
TestPanel panelr2c2 = new TestPanel(Color.pink);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r2c2 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL,1,1,2,1.0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr2c2,constraint_r2c2);
TestPanel panelr2c3 = new TestPanel(Color.black);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r2c3 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,3,1,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr2c3,constraint_r2c3);
TestPanel panelr2c4 = new TestPanel(Color.pink);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r2c4 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,4,1,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr2c4,constraint_r2c4);
// third row (fill, gridx, gridy, gridwidth 1, weightx 0, weighty 0, ipady 0)
TestPanel panelr3c1 = new TestPanel(Color.gray);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r3c1 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,0,2,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr3c1,constraint_r3c1);
TestPanel panelr3c2 = new TestPanel(Color.orange);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r3c2 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.BOTH,1,2,2,1.0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr3c2,constraint_r3c2);
TestPanel panelr3c3 = new TestPanel(Color.red);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r3c3 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,3,2,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr3c3,constraint_r3c3);
TestPanel panelr3c4 = new TestPanel(Color.orange);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r3c4 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,4,2,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr3c4,constraint_r3c4);
// fourth row (fill, gridx, gridy, gridwidth 1, weightx 0, weighty 0, ipady 0)
TestPanel panelr4c1 = new TestPanel(Color.black);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r4c1 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,0,3,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr4c1,constraint_r4c1);
TestPanel panelr4c2 = new TestPanel(Color.white);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r4c2 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.BOTH,1,3,2,1.0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr4c2,constraint_r4c2);
TestPanel panelr4c3 = new TestPanel(Color.green);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r4c3 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,3,3,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr4c3,constraint_r4c3);
TestPanel panelr4c4 = new TestPanel(Color.blue);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r4c4 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,4,3,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr4c4,constraint_r4c4);
// fifth row (fill, gridx, gridy, gridwidth 1, weightx 0, weighty 0, ipady 0)
TestPanel panelr5c1 = new TestPanel(Color.darkGray);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r5c1 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,0,4,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr5c1,constraint_r5c1);
TestPanel panelr5c2 = new TestPanel(Color.yellow);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r5c2 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.BOTH,1,4,2,1.0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr5c2,constraint_r5c2);
TestPanel panelr5c3 = new TestPanel(Color.white);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r5c3 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,3,4,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr5c3,constraint_r5c3);
TestPanel panelr5c4 = new TestPanel(Color.orange);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r5c4 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.VERTICAL,4,4,1,0,0.5,40);
pane.add(panelr5c4,constraint_r5c4);
// sixth row (fill, gridx, gridy, gridwidth 1, weightx 0, weighty 0, ipady 0)
TestPanel panelr6c1 = new TestPanel(Color.green);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r6c1 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,0,5,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr6c1,constraint_r6c1);
TestPanel panelr6c2 = new TestPanel(Color.blue);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r6c2 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL,1,5,2,1.0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr6c2,constraint_r6c2);
TestPanel panelr6c3 = new TestPanel(Color.red);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r6c3 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,3,5,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr6c3,constraint_r6c3);
TestPanel panelr6c4 = new TestPanel(Color.black);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r6c4 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,4,5,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr6c4,constraint_r6c4);
// seventh row (fill, gridx, gridy, gridwidth 1, weightx 0, weighty 0, ipady 0)
TestPanel panelr7c1 = new TestPanel(Color.darkGray);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r7c1 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,0,6,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr7c1,constraint_r7c1);
TestPanel panelr7c2 = new TestPanel(Color.white);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r7c2 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL,1,6,2,1.0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr7c2,constraint_r7c2);
TestPanel panelr7c3 = new TestPanel(Color.yellow);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r7c3 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,3,6,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr7c3,constraint_r7c3);
TestPanel panelr7c4 = new TestPanel(Color.green);
GridBagConstraints constraint_r7c4 = getGridBagConstraints(GridBagConstraints.NONE,4,6,1,0,0,0);
pane.add(panelr7c4,constraint_r7c4);
}
// Create the GUI and show it. For thread safety, this method should be invoked from the event-dispatching thread.
private static void createAndShowGUI() {
//Create and set up the window.
JFrame frame = new JFrame("GridBagConstraint Practice");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
//Set up the content pane.
addComponentsToPane(frame.getContentPane());
//Display the window.
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
//Schedule a job for the event-dispatching thread: creating and showing this application's GUI.
javax.swing.SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {public void run() {createAndShowGUI();}});
}
private static GridBagConstraints getGridBagConstraints(int fill, int gridx, int gridy, int gridwidth, double weightx, double weighty, int ipady){
GridBagConstraints myGridBagConstraints = new GridBagConstraints();
myGridBagConstraints.fill=fill;
myGridBagConstraints.gridx=gridx;
myGridBagConstraints.gridy=gridy;
myGridBagConstraints.gridwidth=gridwidth;
myGridBagConstraints.weightx=weightx;
myGridBagConstraints.weighty=weighty;
myGridBagConstraints.ipady=ipady;
return myGridBagConstraints;
}
}
TestPanel.java的代码是：
import java.awt.Color;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
public class TestPanel extends JPanel {
public TestPanel (Color myColor){this.setBackground(myColor);}
}
解决方法:
Swing布局的规则1：无论你做什么,都不要使用GridBagLayout. GridBagLayout在1998年很好.它的设计有问题,它有缺陷,而且还没有进化.代码非常冗长,难以编写,难以理解且难以维护.
我推荐MigLayout,它是我见过的最通用,最直观的布局管理器.看看MigLayout网站上的快速入门指南,它比GridBagLayout要困难得多,而且要强大得多.以下是您在MigLayout中的示例,我向您展示了如何重构行类型：
import net.miginfocom.swing.MigLayout;
import java.awt.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class GridBagLayoutDemo {
final static boolean RIGHT_TO_LEFT = false;
public static void addComponentsToPane(Container pane) {
if (RIGHT_TO_LEFT) {
pane.setComponentOrientation(ComponentOrientation.RIGHT_TO_LEFT);
}
pane.setLayout(new MigLayout("insets 0, gap 0, wrap", "[][fill, grow][fill, grow][][]", "[fill]"));
addType1(pane, Color.BLACK, Color.BLUE, Color.GREEN, Color.RED, Color.BLUE);
addType2(pane, Color.MAGENTA, Color.PINK, Color.BLACK, Color.PINK);
addType3(pane, Color.GRAY, Color.ORANGE, Color.RED, Color.ORANGE);
addType3(pane, Color.BLACK, Color.WHITE, Color.GREEN, Color.BLUE);
addType3(pane, Color.DARK_GRAY, Color.YELLOW, Color.WHITE, Color.ORANGE);
addType2(pane, Color.GREEN, Color.BLUE, Color.RED, Color.BLACK);
addType2(pane, Color.DARK_GRAY, Color.WHITE, Color.YELLOW, Color.GREEN);
}
private static void addType1(Container pane, Color c1, Color c2, Color c3, Color c4, Color c5) {
pane.add(new TestPanel(c1));
pane.add(new TestPanel(c2));
pane.add(new TestPanel(c3));
pane.add(new TestPanel(c4));
pane.add(new TestPanel(c5));
}
private static void addType2(Container pane, Color c1, Color c2, Color c3, Color c4) {
pane.add(new TestPanel(c1));
pane.add(new TestPanel(c2), "spanx 2");
pane.add(new TestPanel(c3));
pane.add(new TestPanel(c4));
}
private static void addType3(Container pane, Color c1, Color c2, Color c3, Color c4) {
pane.add(new TestPanel(c1));
pane.add(new TestPanel(c2), "spanx 2, pushy, hmin pref+40");
pane.add(new TestPanel(c3));
pane.add(new TestPanel(c4));
}
private static void createAndShowGUI() {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("MigLayout Practice");
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
addComponentsToPane(frame.getContentPane());
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
createAndShowGUI();
}
});
}
}
class TestPanel extends JPanel {
public TestPanel(Color myColor) {
this.setBackground(myColor);
}
}
这会产生与您的示例完全相同的布局.可能你想要hmin 40而不是hmin pref 40,后者产生与在GridBagConstraints中设置ipady = 40相同的结果.
并且请使用Color类中的大写常量,实际上应该弃用小写常量.
对于任何想知道这种布局是什么样的人来说,这里是：
标签：gridbaglayout,java,user-interface,layout,swing 来源： https://codeday.me/bug/20191008/1871138.html
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